South Korea has successfully enacted legislation to prohibit the consumption of dog meat, thereby bringing an end to the contentious practice, in response to evolving consumer habits.
South Korea’s parliament embraced a historic bill on Tuesday, bringing an end to the breeding and slaughtering of dogs for consumption. This marks a significant departure from the long-standing and controversial practice of consuming dog meat, culminating after years of national deliberation.
The legislation received noteworthy bipartisan support, transcending South Korea’s political spectrum. It signifies a profound shift in attitudes towards dog consumption, mirroring evolving perspectives amidst the country’s rapid industrialization.
As outlined by the relevant committee of the National Assembly, the law will outlaw the distribution and sale of food items containing dog ingredients. Notably, consumers of dog meat or related products will not be subject to penalties, with the primary focus directed at industry stakeholders such as dog farmers and sellers.
According to the provisions of the bill, those involved in the slaughter of dogs for food could face imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of up to 30 million Korean won (approximately $23,000). Similarly, individuals engaged in breeding dogs for consumption or knowingly participating in the trade may face lesser fines and potential imprisonment.
The legislation incorporates a three-year grace period for farm owners, dog meat restaurants, and other industry workers to either transition to alternative businesses or cease operations. Local governments are mandated to offer support to ensure a smooth transition for these business owners.
The bill now awaits final approval from President Yoon Suk Yeol. It was jointly proposed by Yoon’s ruling party and the main opposition party, receiving vocal support from First Lady Kim Keon Hee, an owner of multiple dogs, who expressed her backing during a presidential state visit to the Netherlands in December.
Traditionally, South Korea, akin to parts of Vietnam and southern China, has a history of dog meat consumption, viewed as a means to combat summer heat and as a cost-effective protein source during times of higher poverty rates.
However, the practice has faced criticism in recent decades, particularly from animal rights activists. Organizations like Humane Society International (HSI) have actively worked to rescue dogs from South Korean farms, relocating them overseas.
The decline in dog meat consumption is apparent in shifting demographics, with younger, urban South Koreans eschewing the practice. A 2022 Gallup Korea survey revealed that 64% of respondents opposed eating dog meat, marking a significant increase from 2015. The number of individuals reporting consuming dog meat in the past year plummeted from 27% in 2015 to just 8% in 2022.
While the bill has encountered opposition from dog farmers and business owners arguing it will jeopardize their livelihoods and traditions, proponents believe that the accompanying grace period and relief measures will facilitate a smooth transition for those involved in the industry.
